Technical Maze Terms

These items reference types of Mazes or things you can find or do within a Maze. See the algorithms page for more information about many of these terms.

• Arrow Maze: Type of directed Maze composed of a network of arrows, where you can't go against the way an arrow is pointing.
• Backtrack: The act of turning around and retracing your path in a Maze. You can either be forced to backtrack (like when a dead end is reached) or just choose to do so. This can refer to the actions of a person or a computer algorithm in navigating a Maze.
• Beginning: See start.
• Bias: Maze texture type characterized by straightaways that tend to go along one axis more often than at other angles. A Maze is usually more difficult to navigate "against the grain".
• Blackout: The act of visiting every cell in a Maze. After having solved a Maze one may want to start exploring other passages for fun. Once you've visited every section at least once, you've achieved blackout for that Maze. This can refer to the actions of a person or a computer algorithm in navigating it.
• Blind Alley: A passage where if you walk down it in one direction, you will have to backtrack through that path in the other direction in order to reach the goal. All dead ends are blind alleys, as are all cul-de-sacs or any sized collection of paths connected to the rest of the Maze by a single stem.
• Block: The wall at the end of a dead end that blocks your way and forces you to backtrack.
• Bottleneck: A passage or intersection in a Maze such that every solution to that Maze passes through it. Sealing off any bottleneck makes a Maze unsolvable. For perfect Mazes, the entire solution path is a bottleneck.
• Boundary Wall: A wall on the outermost perimeter of a Maze, that has a passage on one side of it and area that is no longer part of the Maze on the other side.
• Braid Maze: A Maze without any dead ends. Also called a purely multiply connected Maze. Such a Maze uses passages that coil around and run back into each other (hence the term "braid") and cause you to spend time going in circles instead of bumping into dead ends. A well-designed braid Maze can be much harder than a perfect Maze of the same size.
• Cell: A point in a Maze, or more technically the passage units which are linked in a grid to form the Maze. Each cell has zero or more passages leading away from it.
• Checkpoint: A point in a Maze you are supposed to find before you can finish. Mazes with multiple checkpoints sometimes require you to visit them in a certain order.
• Closed Circuit: See loop.
• Corner: Point in a Maze where a passage or wall makes a turn. This is most commonly but not always a right angle turn.
• Crack Maze: Amorphous style of Maze that's not on any consistent grid, but rather has walls or passages at random angles.
• Crossroads: Point in a Maze where four passages meet, or two passages intersect, most commonly at right angles. Can also mean a general point where four or more passages meet.
• Cul-de-sac: Construct in a Maze consisting of a blind alley stem that has a single loop at the end, where that loop is a reflexive passage with no other junctions along it. Also called a noose.
• Cyborg Maze: A Maze partially created by hand and partially computer generated. For example, draw the boundary walls, solution, and main false paths by hand, and let the computer fill in the rest. Such Mazes have the personality of a hand drawn Maze, combined with the speed of creation of a computer generated Maze.
• Dead End: A passage that has one end terminated by a block, forcing you to backtrack, where only the other end is connected to the rest of the Maze.
• Delta: Style of Maze composed of interlocking triangles. Name comes from the triangle shape of the capital Greek letter Delta. See also Omega.
• Detached Wall: A section of walls that's disconnected from the rest of the Maze, such that there's a closed circuit going around it.
• Directed Maze: A Maze where passages can only be navigated in one direction. See also arrow Maze.
• Elitist: Maze characteristic indicating the length of the solution with respect to the size of the Maze. An elitist Maze tends to have a short direct solution, while a non-elitist Maze tends to have the solution wander throughout a good portion of the Maze's area. A well designed elitist Maze can be much harder than a non-elitist one.
• End: A point or area one tries to reach when solving a Maze. Mazes can have more than one end point, but usually don't. Also called the goal.
• Entrance: A start point in a Maze when that point is on a boundary wall.
• Exit: An end point in a Maze when that point is on a boundary wall.
• Finish: The end of a Maze or the act of reaching the end of a Maze.
• Focus: Characteristic indicating how a Maze was created. The two main types are passage carvers, where you start with a solid block and carve passages, and wall adders, where you start with an empty area and add wall sections.
• Fractal Maze: A Maze composed of smaller Mazes. This can be a large Maze with other Mazes tessellated within each cell, where the process may be repeated a number of times, called a nested cell fractal Maze. This can also be a true fractal, where the Maze contains copies of itself, and in effect is an infinitely large Maze, called an infinite recursive fractal Maze.
• Goal: See end.
• Hypermaze: A Maze where the solving object is of a higher dimension than just a point. In a standard non-hypermaze you move a point through whatever dimension environment, where the path behind you forms an irregular line. In a hypermaze you move a line through a 3D or higher dimension environment, where your path forms a surface!
• Island: See detached wall. Can also refer to an isolation.
• Isolation: An unreachable collection of passages completely surrounded by walls such that there exists no path to that section from any start point.
• Junction: Point in a Maze where a passage branches or forks, i.e. where three passages meet. Can also mean a general point where three or more passages meet.
• Labyrinth: A network of interconnected passages, usually meant to be a challenge to navigate from start to end. Today this most often means a unicursal Maze which can be used as a tool for meditation and spiritual growth. (There are exceptions, e.g. the Labyrinth from Greek mythology and the Labyrinth in the movie of the same name were both non-unicursal Maze puzzles.) Comes from the Greek word Labrys meaning a double headed axe. See also Maze.
• Loop: A path that connects with itself forming a circle.
• Matte: A type of template, basically consisting of an irregular shape often meant to be something recognizable, that a Maze is created within.
• Maze: A network of interconnected passages meant to be a challenge to navigate from start to end. Today this most often means a non-unicursal intellectual puzzle. (There are exceptions, e.g. a Mizmaze is an old term for a unicursal turf Labyrinth.) Comes from the Old English word to confuse or confound. See also Labyrinth.
• Multiply Connected: Style of Maze that has at least one loop within it. See also Braid.
• Node: A point of interest in a Maze. A Node is usually either a junction, dead end, room, or a point on the boundary wall, but can also be something like a checkpoint.
• Noose: See cul-de-sac.
• Noose Junction: A junction with a reflexive passage linked to it, where two of the passages leading from the junction connect with each other with no other junctions along the way. See also cul-de-sac.
• Omega: General type of Maze that has passages on a grid that isn't orthogonal, e.g. interlocking triangles or hexagons. Name comes from the last Greek letter, where other Greek letters signify various styles of Omega Mazes.
• Overpass: Point in a Maze where one passage crosses over another, but there's no way to get from one passage to the other at that point. Overpasses are a common construct in weave Mazes.
• Passage: An individual corridor within a Maze down which one may travel. A passage has walls on either side of it and at its ends are nodes, i.e. either junctions, dead ends, rooms, or entrance/exit points on the boundary wall.
• Path: A collection of passages laid end to end. The objective of a Maze is to find a path from start to finish.
• Pattern Maze: A patterned Maze is one whose solution is described by a pattern. If you know the secret pattern, you can easily go through it without error, even if life sized. For example, whenever you have a choice go left, then right, then right again, and repeat that pattern until done.
• Perfect Maze: A Maze without any detached walls and without any isolated sections. A perfect Maze always has exactly one solution, and there is always exactly one unique path from any point in the Maze to any other point in the Maze.
• Pit: See Room.
• Planair Maze: Any Maze with an unusual topology outside of standard Euclidian space. For example, a Maze on the surface of a cube, a Maze on the surface of a Moebius strip, or a Maze that is equivalent to being on a torus with the left and right sides wrapping and the top and bottom wrapping. Name is basically a shortened form of "Planes twisted through Air".
• Reflexive Passage: A passage with both ends at the same point. The passage loops at the ends of cul-de-sacs are reflexive passages. A reflexive passage at a crossroads could be considered a blind alley or cul-de-sac with a zero length stem.
• River: Maze texture type indicating the relative density of dead ends and junctions. A Maze with a low river factor has many short dead ends, while a Maze with a high river factor has fewer but longer dead ends.
• Room: An section of open space within a Maze much wider than a standard passage. Rooms are sometimes used to indicate start or finish areas. A room can technically be a large dead end, passage, or junction depending on how many ways there are to reach it.
• Run: Maze texture type indicating how long straightaways tend to go before forced turnings present themselves. A Maze with a low run won't have straight passages for more than three or four cells, and will look very random. A Maze with a high run will have long passages going across a good percentage of the Maze, and will look similar to a microchip.
• Rule Maze: A Maze where there are rules defining how you can move, e.g. where all cells have numbers and you can only go to adjacent cells whose number is one higher. Can also refer to checkpoints or other things you have to do while inside the Maze.
• Segment: A single section of wall between two cells. A passage segment is a single section of passage between two cells.
• Segmented: Type of Maze that has different sections in different styles, or gradually fades from one style to another between two sections. For example, a Maze in two rings where the outer ring is perfect but the inner ring is braid would be segmented, as would a Maze which is horizontally biased at the top fading into a vertical bias by the time one reaches the bottom.
• Shortest Path: The Holy Grail of Maze solving. A shortest path is a solution such that no other solution path in that Maze has a shorter length. A Maze can have more than one shortest path.
• Sigma: Style of Maze composed of interlocking hexagons. Name comes from the shape of the capital Greek letter Sigma, which has similar horizontal and diagonal angles seen in a hexagon. See also Omega.
• Simply Connected: A Maze without any loops.
• Solution: A path in a Maze from start to finish.
• Solve: The act of finding the solution to a Maze.
• Sparse: A Maze where not every cell within the boundary wall is part of the Maze. In passage carved Mazes, this is where certain cells haven't been carved into, where they're solid wall and effectively inaccessible locations.
• Spiral: A construct in a Maze consisting of one or more passages wrapping around themselves forming a spiral. Often the center will be a junction. Spirals can make a Maze challenging to navigate, since it's not easy to determine what side of the spiral a passage leading out of one will go to.
• Spiralstorm: Style of Maze composed of interlocking spirals, especially a personal style of hand drawn Maze I do that has this characteristic.
• Start: A point or area one begins at when solving a Maze. Mazes can have more than one start point, but usually don't.
• Straightaway: A straight section of passage. It may or may not have junctions along it. The endpoints of a straightaway are either dead ends, forced corners or turns, T-junctions where the straightaway is the stem, or points on the boundary wall.
• Symmetric Maze: A Maze where the passages are symmetric, such as rotationally symmetric about the middle, or reflected across the horizontal or vertical axis.
• Template: A Maze template is a general graphic that isn't a Maze, but is modified to be a valid Maze still having the texture or look and feel of the original graphic template. For example a Maze in the shape of a recognizable object, or a picture that's actually a Maze if you look closely, is based on a template.
• Texture: The style of passages within a Maze. Characteristics like bias, river, and run describe textures.
• Theta: Style of Maze composed of passages arranged in concentric circles, where usually the start or end is in the center. Name comes from the circular shape of the capital Greek letter Theta. See also Omega.
• Trap: A section in a Maze that it's possible to reach, but not backtrack from or leave in any other way, e.g. a junction in an arrow Maze where all the arrows point at the junction.
• Tube: A passage with an open space on either side of it. Its walls are either boundary walls or they separate the passage from a room. In other words this is a narrow neck passing between two sections of a Maze.
• Unicursal Maze: A Maze without any junctions, consisting of a single snake like passage from start to finish. See also Labyrinth.
• Upsilon: Style of Maze composed of interlocking octagons and squares. Name comes from the shape of the capital Greek letter Upsilon, whose "Y" shape is similar to angles seen in these Mazes. See also Omega.
• Virtual Maze: A computer Maze which isn't stored in memory all at once, presumably because the Maze is too large to all fit in memory. For example only store the section of passages nearest your location, in a simulation where you walk through a giant Maze. This can be applied to fractal Mazes to work with Mazes of infinite or near infinite size.
• Vortex: A spiral pattern consisting of a junction in the center where three or more passages meet. This can make Mazes on paper and especially life size Mazes more challenging to solve, because it's difficult to determine what part of the Maze each passage in the center leads to without actually following it.
• Wall: A barrier in a Maze that one is not allowed to pass through when solving the Maze. Walls can be physical constructs that actually block your way, as in a life size hedge Maze, or just other methods of indicating that you shouldn't pass that way, such as lines drawn on the ground or on a sheet of paper.
• Wall Following: The act of always keeping a wall to one side of you (either your left or right) as you go through it. Wall following will successfully solve many but not all Mazes.
• Weave Maze: A two dimensional Maze where the passages are allowed to overlap each other, with bridges and underpasses. When looking at it from above it's generally obvious what's a dead end and what's a passage that goes under another. Life size Mazes that have bridges connecting one portion of the Maze to another are partially weave.
• Zeta: Style of Maze on a square grid that allows diagonal passages in addition to horizontal and vertical ones. Name comes from the "Z" shape of the capital Greek letter Zeta. See also Omega.

Labyrinth and Mythology Terms

These items reference types of life size Mazes and Labyrinths used for spiritual purposes, and things from stories that feature Mazes and Labyrinths in them. These include the Greek myth of Theseus and the Minotaur, and the Old English tragedy of Rosamond the Fair.

• Aegeus: King of Athens. When Androgeous was killed at the Olympics, Minos attacked Athens and as a condition of peace forced King Aegeus to annually submit seven youths and seven maidens to be thrust into the Labyrinth as food for the Minotaur.
• Androgeous: Son of King Minos who was so gifted that he won all the prizes at the Olympics, and was therefore killed out of jealousy.
• Ariadne: Daughter of King Minos. She enabled Theseus to slay the Minotaur by giving him a clew of thread which he tied to the entrance and unrolled as he went into the Labyrinth in order to find his way back without becoming lost. She fell in love with Theseus and left Crete with him.
• Asterion: The Minotaur's name.
• Bower: Another term for a Maze or Labyrinth, especially a hedge Maze.
• Chartres Labyrinth: A style of unicursal Labyrinth characterized by eleven rings and four quadrants, where the start and end passages are close but not perfectly lined up, popularized by a Labyrinth of this style in the floor of Chartres Cathedral in France, and commonly walked for spiritual purposes today.
• Classical Labyrinth: A style of unicursal Labyrinth characterized by seven rings, that's been around for hundreds of years and has been seen in many different cultures around the world. This is sometimes mistakenly called the Cretan Labyrinth, where that's a different pattern.
• Clew of Thread: A ball of string. Ariadne gave a clew of thread to Theseus so he could find his way out of the Labyrinth, and Eleanor of Aquitaine used one to solve Rosamond's Bower.
• Cretan Labyrinth: A style of unicursal Labyrinth characterized by ten rings and four quadrants, where the start and end passages line up.
• Daedalus: Gifted craftsman who built the Labyrinth. He also built a hollow mechanical cow to allow Queen Pasiphae to mate with a special bull which resulted in the birth of the Minotaur. When thrown into the Labyrinth by King Minos, he built wings held together with wax allowing him and his son Icarus to escape.
• Dapuritojo Potinija: Ancient Minoan goddess of the Labyrinth. Can be considered a pre-Greek form of Ariadne.
• Eleanor of Aquitaine: Wife of King Henry II (1122?-1204). Furious about her husband's affair with Rosamond the Fair and that he tried to hide Rosamond from her in the Maze Rosamond's Bower, she used a clew of thread just as Theseus did to find her way to the center whereupon she killed Rosamond.
• Handedness: Indicates the first direction one turns after entering a unicursal Labyrinth. In a left handed Labyrinth the first turn is to the left, and in a right handed Labyrinth the first turn is to the right.
• Hedge: Type of life size Maze where the walls are high hedges. Hedge Mazes require many years to grow and then require continual trimming, however "living Mazes" of this type can be considered the most beautiful and interesting.
• Icarus: Son of Daedalus, he was locked with his father in the Labyrinth after the Minotaur was slain. Daedalus cautioned him not to fly too close to the sun lest his wax wings melt, but Icarus didn't listen and so fell to his death in the sea.
• King Henry II: King of England (1133-1189). As the story goes, he built Rosamond's Bower to hide his mistress Rosamond the Fair from his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine.
• Knossos: City on Crete containing the palace of King Minos and presumably the Labyrinth as well.
• Labrys: Sacred double headed axe used by ancient Minoan civilization. This is the root of the word "Labyrinth".
• Lunation: The crescent shaped decorations around the outside of a Labyrinth, especially those around the Chartres Cathedral style. They consist of foils (indentations) and cusps (hourglass protrusions). The Chartres Labyrinth has 112 complete foils and 113 cusps.
• Man in the Maze: Style of unicursal Labyrinth topologically equivalent to the classical seven circuit Labyrinth, commonly seen in the Tohono O'Odham nation (Native American tribe), characterized by seven concentric circles with the seed pattern in the center.
• Minos: King of the Greek island of Crete. King Minos' pride in refusing to sacrifice a special white bull to the gods caused them to make his wife Pasiphae fall in love with the bull and give birth to the Minotaur. When his son Androgeous was murdered in Athens, he forced the Athenians to give seven youths and seven maidens every year to be thrown into the Labyrinth and devoured by the Minotaur.
• Minotaur: Vicious monster with the body of a man and the head of a bull, who dwelled within the Labyrinth and killed all who entered. He was the son of Queen Pasiphae and was eventually slain by Theseus.
• Mizmaze: Old term for a Labyrinth or Maze, especially a turf Labyrinth.
• Nemetona: Celtic goddess of Labyrinths and sacred spaces in general, i.e. the Guardian of the Sacred Grove.
• Pasiphae: Wife of King Minos. After King Minos refused to sacrifice a special bull to the god Poseidon, the gods made Queen Pasiphae fall madly in love with the bull. She mated with it and as a result gave birth to the Minotaur.
• Processional: Type of unicursal Labyrinth with both an entrance and an exit on the outer boundary. This allows a sequence of people to walk through the Labyrinth, across the center if it has one, and out another location, without anybody crossing path. It also allows two people to race to the middle from both entrances.
• Rosamond the Fair: Mistress of King Henry II. As the story goes, she was hidden in the center of Rosamond's Bower until Eleanor of Aquitaine solved the Maze and gave her a choice of how to die: either drink poison or be killed by a dagger. Rosamond chose the poison.
• Rosamond's Bower: Legendary hedge Maze constructed by King Henry II to conceal his mistress from his jealous wife.
• Seed Pattern: A simple pattern around which a unicursal Maze can be drawn. For example, the seed pattern for the classical seven circuit Labyrinth is a cross with four more right angle lines in each quadrant. Connecting adjacent endpoints all the way around this seed pattern results in the classical Labyrinth.
• Theseus: Slayer of the Minotaur. Son of King Aegeus, he volunteered to be one of the youths submitted to be killed by the Minotaur. Theseus fought and killed the Minotaur instead, and ran off with King Minos' daughter Ariadne.
• Troy Town: See Mizmaze.
• Turf: Type of life size Maze carved into grass or turf, where the walls are carved into the ground and you walk on the raised grassy area. Mazes of this type are usually unicursal Labyrinths.

Labyrinth Movie Terms

These items reference characters and landmarks from the movie Labyrinth. See the Labyrinth movie page for many more things related to the movie.

• Alice: A friend of Sarah's from school who asked "what's the other half of him then" when Sarah had referred to Toby as her half-brother. Referenced in the novel.
• Alph: One of the riddle giving guards who always told the truth or always lied. Alph was the one on the left wearing red, and who Sarah chose to direct her question to.
• Ambrosius: The cowardly sheepdog steed of Sir Didymus that he would ride. Looks like an identical twin to Merlin.
• Ballroom: The ballroom was an enchanted place inside a bubble formed from one of Jareth's crystal balls. Sarah entered the ballroom and danced with Jareth after she ate an enchanted peach given to her by Hoggle.
• Beggar: Jareth disguised himself as a beggar and revealed himself in surprise after Hoggle agreed to help Sarah solve the Labyrinth against Jareth's wishes. In the Labyrinth computer game a beggar appears in the beginning who presumably is Jareth as well.
• Bog of Eternal Stench: An indescribably horribly smelling bog in the forest on the other side of the Great Goblin Wall. If even one drop of it touches somebody, they will smell bad for the rest of their life, as it will never wash off.
• Chilly Down: Another term for a Firey. Also refers to the soundtrack song that plays during the Firey scene.
• Cleaners: A deadly slashing machine with spinning blades at its front that would completely fill up a passage and cut to bits anything it encountered. Jareth made one chase Sarah and Hoggle after she defied him.
• Escher Room: Large area near the top of Jareth's castle beyond the throne room, that had stairs and floors and walls at various angles, and where gravity seemed to go in different directions at different places. Based on the lithograph "Relativity" by M.C. Escher.
• Fairy: Traditional looking fairies could be found right outside the Labyrinth. Unlike most fairies, these wouldn't do nice things, like granting wishes, but would rather bite you if given a chance, as Sarah found out when trying to help one Hoggle had sprayed.
• Firey: One of the orangeish enthusiastic creatures that lived in the forest beyond the hedge Maze and had the ability to detach their various body parts. They just wanted to have a good time, but their hyperactivity would obstruct Sarah and cause them to be potentially dangerous, e.g. they wanted to cut off Sarah's head because they could remove their own heads without ill effect.
• Forbidden Forest: The Firey inhabited section of forest inside the hedge Maze but outside the barren section next to Jareth's castle. It was called this in the early script.
• Four Guards: The quartet formed by Alph, Ralph, Tim, and Jim. They were in front of two doors, one of which lead to the castle and the other which lead to certain death. Alph and Ralph would allow you to ask one of them a single question, where one of them always told the truth and the other always lied.
• Freddie: In the early script Sarah's baby brother was named Freddie instead of Toby.
• Goblin City: The town of goblin houses surrounding Jareth's castle at the center of the Labyrinth.
• Goblins: The numerous ugly, dumb, short creatures ruled by Jareth. Presumably most or all of them were turned into goblins from babies offered to him.
• Great Goblin Wall: Large stone wall that divided the forest into two sections, with the area inhabited by the Fireys on the outside and the Bog of Eternal Stench on the inside.
• Helping Hands: One of numerous pairs of hands that grew out of the shaft leading to the Oubliette. They could talk by forming faces with each other and would give a person who fell into the shaft a choice of whether to be lifted up or dropped down.
• Hoggle: Grumpy dwarf who lived outside the Labyrinth who was Sarah's first and principal friend. He liked her a lot although wouldn't admit it until the end. He betrayed Sarah with an enchanted peach Jareth made him give her, but later redeemed himself by saving her from Humongous.
• Humongous: Giant robot controlled by a small goblin inside his head, that guarded the gates to Goblin City. He nearly killed Sarah's party until Hoggle came and took over the controls.
• Irene Williams: Sarah's stepmother, who her father remarried after her mother left them. Called by name in the Return to Labyrinth manga.
• Jareth: King of the Goblins and principal antagonist in the story, who stole Sarah's baby brother Toby and gave her thirteen hours to rescue him before he'd be turned into a goblin.
• Jeremy: The charming co-star and current romantic partner of Sarah's mother. He's presumably who Sarah's mother left Sarah and her father for. Referenced in the novel.
• Jim: The smaller upside down guard between Ralph and his shield.
• Junk Lady: Old goblin woman Sarah met after escaping the ballroom, who tried to convince her she had everything she ever wanted in a replica of her bedroom. In the early script the Junk Lady was actually a puppet controlled by Jareth inside.
• Knockers: Talking door knockers that appeared on two doors in the wall between the hedge Maze and the Firey forest. The left knocker held a ring in his ears and was therefore deaf, while the right knocker held a ring in his mouth and could therefore only mumble (at least until somebody took the ring out of his mouth).
• Linda Williams: Sarah's mother, who was an actress. She walked out on Sarah and her father, leaving him to remarry Sarah's stepmother.
• Ludo: Giant, dumb, fearsome looking beast with the power to summon rocks and have them do his bidding. He was actually very sweet in nature and became Sarah's second main friend after she rescued him from goblins and untied him from a tree.
• Merlin: Sarah's pet sheepdog. Looks like an identical twin to Ambrosius.
• Nipper Stick: A stick with a tiny fierce creature on the end with a big mouth that bites hard anything it comes near. Goblins used these to torment Ludo with when he was tied to the tree.
• Oubliette: A place to put people to forget about them. Specifically one of many traps in the Labyrinth one could fall into. They're seemingly exitless, although at least one has a secret way out. Term comes from the French verb oublier, to forget.
• Phony Warnings: Rock faces embedded into walls in the Labyrinth in many places, who would give fearsome warnings not to go farther, especially when you're on the right track.
• Ralph: One of the riddle giving guards who always told the truth or always lied. Ralph was the one on the right wearing blue, and whose door Sarah chose to enter.
• Robert Williams: Sarah's father, who had a generic office job. Called by name in the novel.
• Robin Zakar: Writer of a play Sarah was practicing the lines for. Jareth pretended to be him in order to gain access to Sarah's house while she and Freddie were home alone. Referenced in the early script.
• Sarah Williams: 15 year old girl who was the principal protagonist in the story, who wished her baby brother would be taken away by the goblins and had to solve the Labyrinth to save him when her wish was granted.
• Shaft of Hands: The vertical well above the oubliette and beyond the correct door after Alph and Ralph, that had the Helping Hands growing out of the sides.
• Sir Didymus: Fearless foxlike knight who guarded the bridge over the Bog of Eternal Stench. After Sarah and her friends proved themselves, he became the knightly brother of Ludo and Sarah's third main friend.
• Snatter Goblin: Little goblins that live in the Labyrinth's brickwork. These were presumably the goblins that turned over or rotated the paving stones that Sarah drew arrows upon using lipstick to mark her way. Name comes from The Goblins of Labyrinth a.k.a. The Goblin Companion book.
• Tim: The smaller upside down guard between Alph and his shield.
• Toby: Sarah's baby half-brother, the son of her father and stepmother, who Sarah had to rescue from the Labyrinth.
• Wild Thing: Another term for a Firey. Name comes from the early script.
• Wiseman: A old man with a hat topped by an unruly talkative bird. They would give cryptic advice for a contribution. Sarah met him upon entering the hedge Maze.
• Words: The Words refer to Sarah's line that she could never remember until the end: "You have no power over me." The Words can also refer to the line that would summon the goblins: "I wish the goblins would come and take you away, right now."
• Worm: The kindly worm was the first character Sarah met inside the Labyrinth itself, who helped her find her way out of the endless passageway. He kept on asking Sarah if she would like to have a nice cup of tea and meet the "missus".

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